汽车底盘技术在HGY-1500型钻机中的应用

在HGY-1500型钻机的设计中应用汽车底盘技术，选用汽车变速器、离合器等零部件；钻机分动箱采用斜齿圆柱齿轮传动，使用接合套式换挡装置进行换挡，提高了钻机工作的可靠性，降低了生产成本，减轻了钻机质量，操作轻松、方便。     

中国汽车空调行业HFC-134a需求和排放预测

 近年来HFC-134a作为中国汽车空调行业CFC-12制冷剂最主要的替代品,其消费量增长迅速,是中国消费量最大的HFCs（氢氟烃类物质）。以2005年为基线,通过制冷剂替代、技术进步、熟练操作和政策控制等情景假设,预测了中国汽车空调行业HFC-134a的需求量及排放量。结果表明：到2010和2015年,汽车空调HFC-134a的消费量将分别接近2.0万和3.5万t,排放量将分别接近1.6万和3.0万t,约折合排放21.0 和39.0 Mt CO₂当量。上述排放相对基线情景（即维持当前政策措施和不开展回收活动）,2010年和2015年减排温室气体分别为6.7 和13.0 Mt CO₂当量。     

模平方阈值去噪法在沉降监测中的应用

针对现有去噪方法中存在的噪声信号提取、粗差定位等问题,该文基于小波阈值去噪的原理,提出一种基于软阈值改进的模平方阈值去噪法。通过仿真数据实验对比分析了软阈值去噪法、加权平均阈值去噪法及模平方阈值去噪法的去噪实际效果,并应用于汽车试验场沉降数据预处理。实验结果表明,基于模平方的阈值去噪法能够较好地保留观测信号原始信息,并且可以有效地去除噪声,其去噪效果优于软阈值和加权平均阈值去噪法,能在汽车试验场沉降数据处理中得到较好的应用。     

中国汽车制造业集聚与企业区位选择

本文利用2001-2009 年《中国工业企业数据库》中汽车制造业企业有关数据,对近10 年来中国汽车制造业的空间布局进行描述,利用地理集中度指数和EG指数对产业集聚水平进行测算和分析后,发现中国汽车制造业的空间集聚水平呈现不断下降的趋势,零部件及配件制造业的集聚水平对汽车制造业具有决定性和先导性影响。针对零部件及配件制造业的特点,构建了基于地级以上城市为空间单元的新建企业区位选择模型,进行估计后发现：① 中国不存在类似欧美日等国家整车和零部件企业邻近的空间集中集聚现象;② 零部件制造业的劳动密集型特点显著,不利于产业生产率和专业化水平提高;③ 在不考虑集聚经济的条件下,市场规模和地方保护对新建企业的区位选择影响非常显著。在这些原因的共同作用下,使得中国汽车制造业的专业化水平和空间集聚程度越来越低。     

论上海汽车产业集群的现状及发展

产业集群是产业空间组织革命的结果?从组织结构变革的角度看，由于以使用柔性技术及复杂的生产网络为特点的柔性化生产方式逐渐取代了刚性生产方式，产业集聚的空问状态也相应从区域内大企业组织的垂直层级结构逐渐向本地化的企业网络结构转变。目前，上海汽车产业内组织结构仍以垂直一体化的层级结构为主．随着生产规模的不断扩大以及上海通用的进入及发展，更加推动了区域内的供货商体系的变革，地方性供货网络得到进一步发展，与区域外汽车企业的联系更加紧密且形式也从单纯的引进技术、资金转向信息交流、人才培训等。     

Fine-particle Mn and other metals linked to the introduction of MMT into gasoline in Sydney, Australia： Results of a natural experiment

PM2.5 particulates were analyzed using accelerator-based ion beam methods for a suite of 21 species （H, C, Na, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Pb） to evaluate the contribution to Sydney air associated with the introduction of MMT as a replacement for Pb. MMT was discontinued in 2004. Teflon filters continuously sampled for 7 years from 1998 to 2004 were analyzed from two sites： a suburb （Mascot） close to the Central Business District [CBD （n=718）] and a high trafficked area, and a relatively rural （background） setting, ～20 km west of the CBD （n=730）. Mean Mn concentrations in air at the background site increased from 1.5- 1.6 ng/m^3 to 〈2 ng/m^3 at the time of the greatest MMT use whereas those at Mascot increased from about 2 to 5 ng/m^3. From the maximum values, the Mn showed a steady decrease at both sites concomitant with the decreasing use of MMT. Lead concentrations in air at both sites decreased from 1998 onwards, concomitant with the phase out of leaded gasoline in 2002. A high correlation was obtained for the relationship between Mn in air and lead replacement gasoline （LRG） use （R2 0.83） and an improved correlation for Mn/Al＋Si＋K and LRG use （R2 0.93）. With Mn concentrations normalized to background values of Al＋Si＋K to account for the lithogenically-derived Mn, the proportion of anthropogenic Mn was -70%. Changes for Mn and Pb in the particulates are attributed to the before-during-after use of MMT and decreasing use of Pb in gasoline.     

AMERICAN ROADS,ROADSIDE AMERICA*

ABSTRACT. Federal support for planning and building roads provided an opportunity to create a new kind of place, the American roadside. The roadside grew up beside the public road as a distinct private space, yet the two were linked as road travelers came to depend on the services provided by people who lived at the road's edge. Federal road-improvement legislation brought discipline to the surveying, construction, and configuration of roads. But roadside structures remained largely the creation of local people, who built a vernacular landscape that was undisciplined and in strong contrast to the road's regimentation. The roadside became a new kind of space occupying the unstable zone between the discipline of the road and the informality of the countryside, a spatial contradiction that gave license to a new, free-wheeling, mercantile logic, an improvisational departure from the staid formality of Main Street.     

城市机动车尾气中NOx污染的数学模式研究

对城市机动车尾气中NO_x污染物的产生、迁移、转化规律进行了数学分析,提出了城市机动车尾气污染物NO_x随时间和距离变化的数学模式,并运用该模型对长春市内车辆集中路口机动车污染物NO_x进行了模拟与预测。对实验所获得的监测结果与运用数学模式的计算结果进行比较可知：其平均偏差的绝对值小于0.02 mg/m³,相对误差的绝对值均小于0.32,因此城市机动车尾气污染物NO_x的数学模式符合研究区域的实际情况。